The Energy Balance Podcast

EB. 85: Fructose and Uric Acid - Are David Perlmutter and Rick Johnson Wrong? (Part 2)

In this episode we discuss:

• Whether we should be avoiding fructose-containing foods due to their potential to increase uric acid

• Whether the fact that we lack uricase means that we shouldn’t be consuming fructose- containing foods

• The role of endotoxin and gut health in uric acid production and gout

• Which fructose sources are ideal for metabolic health

• How to adjust fructose intake if someone is dealing with insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or gout

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://www.jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-85-fructose-and-uric-acid-are-david-perlmutter-and-rick-johnson-wrong-part-2/ 

 

Timestamps:

3:42 – whether our lack of uricase is reason for us not to consume fructose

33:23 – whether we should be avoiding fructose-containing foods like fruit due to their potential to increase uric acid production

46:25 – the role of endotoxin and gut health in uric acid production and gout

53:12 – ideal fructose sources and how to adjust fructose intake if someone is dealing with insulin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, or gout

 

EB. 84: Fructose and Uric Acid: Are David Perlmutter and Rick Johnson Wrong? (Part 1)

In this episode we discuss:

• Whether David Perlmutter and Rick Johnson are right about fructose and uric acid being drivers of poor metabolic health

• Why fructose will not cause ATP depletion when it’s consumed in normal contexts

• Why fructose and uric acid are not the drivers of metabolic syndrome and degenerative conditions

• The protective effects of fructose in the liver

• Why it’s extremely important to consider the different contexts in which uric acid is produced

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://www.jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-84-fructose-and-uric-acid-are-david-perlmutter-and-rick-johnson-wrong-part-1/ 

 

Timestamps:

3:56 – why we’re discussing fructose and uric acid

8:38 – the general argument that fructose consumption drives uric acid production and that this is responsible for disease and degeneration

14:48 – our general counterargument that fructose consumption does not drive disease and degeneration via uric acid production

18:41 – whether fructose depletes ATP in the liver 

30:03 – fructose is extremely protective and generally increases ATP availability in the liver 

36:27 – how fructose can increase uric acid via ATP depletion

38:51 – why fructose doesn’t cause ATP depletion and uric acid production unless it’s given in extreme, non-physiologically relevant contexts

1:04:50 – whether uric acid is the driver of metabolic syndrome and many degenerative conditions by driving oxidative stress 

1:15:46 – why xanthine oxidase is a major confounding variable to consider when evaluating whether uric acid production is harmful

1:27:02 – whether the activation of AMP deaminase is a reason not to consume fructose

1:27:55 – average fructose intakes are far below the amounts that are typically used in research

 

EB. 83: How Nutrient Partitioning Affects Eating Behavior and Fat Loss

In this episode we discuss:

• How our bodies partition nutrients and why this matters for optimizing our health

• Why hyperpalatable food and stress-eating are not the primary drivers of overeating

• How being sedentary can mimic starvation and excess stress

• How excessive fat-burning causes metabolic derangement and overeating 

• Why an energetic deficit is not required for fat loss and instead causes fat gain 

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://www.jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-83-how-nutrient-partitioning-affects-eating-behavior-and-fat-loss/ 

 

Timestamps:

2:48 – overview of the study we’ll be discussing

6:21 – why excess energy and overeating don’t cause fat gain

13:59 – the flow of energy through our metabolic systems determines health

18:25 – insulin resistance is an adaptive process that allows for nutrient partitioning

22:31 – insulin resistance occurs in stress states, such as caloric restriction, fasting, and low-carb diets, to divert fuel to the most essential tissues 

29:24 – hunger and appetite are determined by the amount of energy available, not number of calories taken in

47:46 – physical inactivity results in the same harmful metabolic effects as starvation and excess exercise

56:31 – hyperpalatable sugar- and fat-containing foods do not cause obesity

1:00:26 – other factors that affect nutrient partitioning

1:09:46 – considerations to keep in mind when reading and evaluating research

1:13:35 – why an energetic deficit is not required for fat loss

 

EB. 82: Maximizing Fitness and Athletic Performance From The Bioenergetic View (Fitness vs. Health Part 3)

In this episode we discuss:

• Supplements to maximize fitness and athletic performance

• Why exercise and physical fitness are generally beneficial as long as they’re kept in the right balance

• The minimum effective doses for muscle growth, strength, and endurance

• How stress and sleep affect our capacity to handle exercise

• Nutritional strategies to mitigate the harmful stress effects from high levels of exercise while maximizing performance

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://www.jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-82-maximizing-fitness-and-athletic-performance-from-the-bioenergetic-view-fitness-vs-health-part-3/ 

 

Timestamps:

2:44 – why exercise and physical fitness are generally beneficial as long as they’re kept in balance  

14:43 – the limits to our metabolic capacity and how this relates to exercise

29:47 – nutritional strategies to mitigate the harmful stress effects from high levels of exercise while maximizing performance

39:32 – addressing sleep and stress to mitigate the harmful stress effects from high levels of exercise while maximizing performance

45:18 – supplements to mitigate the harmful stress effects from high levels of exercise while maximizing performance

1:06:46 – concluding thoughts related to maximizing fitness and athletic performance from the bioenergetic view 

 

EB. 81: Whether Intense Exercise and Endurance Training Should Be Avoided (Fitness vs. Health Part 2)

In this episode we discuss:

• How to determine how much exercise is right for you

• Why working out regularly is not enough to make up for sitting all day

• Why fitness and health are not synonymous

• Whether lactic acid production, breathlessness, and fat oxidation due to exercise should be avoided at all costs

• Whether intense exercise and being highly active is always more harmful than helpful

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-81-whether-intense-exercise-and-endurance-training-should-be-avoided-fitness-vs-health-part-2/ 

 

Timestamps:

2:55 – the benefits of movement and exercise 

6:41 – whether intense exercise involving lactate production and heavy breathing/breathlessness is harmful 

10:13 – whether endurance training involving fat oxidation is harmful 

18:31 – drawing a line between fitness and health 

25:06 – how to determine how much exercise is right for you

38:23 – whether intense exercise and being highly active is always more harmful than helpful

43:33 – why “eat less and exercise more” doesn’t work and ignores major aspects of our physiology 

 

EB. 80: How Much Exercise Is Too Much From The Bioenergetic View? (Fitness vs. Health Part 1)

In this episode we discuss:

• The harmful effects of excess exercise

• Why increasing exercise beyond moderate amounts is NOT effective for weight loss

• The harmful effects of excessive endurance training on cardiovascular health

• How excess exercise can drive degeneration and contribute to various health issues

• How much exercise is “too much”

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-80-how-much-exercise-is-too-much-from-the-bioenergetic-view-fitness-vs-health-part-1/ 

 

Timestamps:

2:37 – framing the question of where health and fitness meet from the bioenergetic view

13:12 – how excess exercise can cause degeneration and contribute to various health conditions  

21:03 – what level of exercise is harmful for cardiovascular health 

29:55 – how the expensive tissue hypothesis applies to exercise 

45:14 – how excess exercise can steal energy from other areas of our physiology, and how this affects the calorie equation 

1:08:23 - can moderate-intensity endurance training for 25 minutes 3 days per week be too much?

 

EB. 79: Hyperthyroidism, Collagen Alternatives, and Forcing Mitochondrial Respiration (Q & A)

In this episode we discuss:

• Whether it’s beneficial to force increased mitochondrial respiration with supplements

• How to determine the ideal amount of pro-metabolic supplements to take 

• What to do if you react poorly to collagen or gelatin protein powder

• Whether food additives like carrageenan, gums, nitrates, sorbates, MSG, microbial enzymes, cultures, and artificial colors are worth avoiding

• Whether we need to be concerned about hyperthyroidism and whether hyperthyroidism can be caused by over-supplementing thyroid hormone

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-79-hyperthyroidism-collagen-alternatives-and-forcing-mitochondrial-respiration-q-a/ 

 

Timestamps:

2:39 – is it beneficial to “force” increased mitochondrial respiration and the oxidation of glucose

15:09 – alternatives to collagen or gelatin protein powder 

19:19 – which food additives are worth avoiding 

58:53 – whether hyperthyroidism is something we should be concerned about

 

EB. 78: Why Maximizing Energy Production and Minimizing Stress Is Optimal For Health (Hormesis Part 4)

In this episode we discuss:

• How you can induce mitochondrial biogenesis and uncoupling without stress

• Why you want tighter mitochondrial coupling if you want to induce uncoupling in a healthy way

• The difference between reactive oxygen species production in a high energy state versus a low energy state

• How many supposedly hormetic interventions, like exercise, fasting, and ketogenic diets, can be beneficial despite the stress they cause rather than because of it

• How the fact that we can’t avoid stress fits into the bioenergetic, anti-hormetic view

• What anti-hormesis looks like in a practical sense

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-78-why-maximizing-energy-production-and-minimizing-stress-is-optimal-for-health-hormesis-part-4/ 

 

Timestamps:

3:22 – the difference between producing ROS in a high energy state compared to a low energy state  

9:38 – how ATP protects against oxidative stress

21:55 – how CO2 protects against oxidative stress

26:31 – how tighter mitochondrial coupling is better for inducing uncoupling

27:48 – the broader context of why we want to adapt to a high-energy, low-stress state 

33:28 – how exercise can be beneficial despite the stress it causes, rather than because of it

47:06 – how low-carb/ketogenic diets can be beneficial despite the stress they cause, rather than because of it

57:40 – what to expect when moving away from a hormetic approach 

1:02:16 – how the fact that we can’t avoid stress fits into the bioenergetic, anti-hormetic view 

1:03:39 – what anti-hormesis looks like in a practical sense

 

EB. 77: Why You DON’T Want to Force Autophagy, Mitochondrial Biogenesis, & Uncoupling (Hormesis Part 3)

In this episode we discuss:

• Why the stress caused by calorie restriction, exercise, cold thermogenesis, fasting, ketogenic diets, Wim Hoff breathing, and supplements like resveratrol is not supportive of our health

• Why autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis, and uncoupling are not always beneficial

• Whether being tolerant to stress is a sign of health

• Why it’s virtually impossible to apply hormesis in a practical sense

• The difference between reactive oxygen species production in a high energy state versus a low energy state

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-77-why-you-dont-want-to-force-autophagy-mitochondrial-biogenesis-uncoupling-hormesis-part-3/ 

 

Timestamps:

3:27 – why reductions in adaptive responses in degenerative states and the benefits of “hormetic” interventions does not lend support to hormesis

13:49 – why improving tolerance to stress is not inherently beneficial and the cost of stress across generations

28:58 – how the fact that stress is cumulative throws a wrench in the idea of hormesis  

37:05 –the difference between producing ROS in a high energy state versus a low energy state

49:16 – the low energy, high ROS state is a feature of degenerative conditions

 

EB. 76: Why Caloric Restriction Is NOT Responsible For Lifespan Extension (Hormesis Part 2)

In this episode we discuss:

• How the largest body of evidence cited in favor of hormesis actually doesn’t support it at all

• Why caloric restriction is NOT responsible for slowing aging and extending lifespan (and what is actually responsible)

• The many factors that confound the calorie restriction research (including differences between organisms, poor research design, amino acid restriction, PUFA, endotoxin, and more)

 

Sign up for the Free Energy Balance Mini-Course here: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/energy

 

Click here to check out the show notes: https://jayfeldmanwellness.com/ep-76-why-caloric-restriction-is-not-responsible-for-lifespan-extension-hormesis-part-2/ 

 

Timestamps:

3:36 – the physiology of hormesis and the general support for hormesis

12:54 – outlining the problems with hormesis

18:51 – how differences between organisms confound the caloric restriction research 

37:34 – the problem with using proxy markers to evaluate health effects and the importance of context

48:20 – how differences between organisms confound the caloric restriction research (cont.)

51:58 – how hydration status and macronutrient ratios confound the caloric restriction research

55:57 – how the myopic hormetic view leads to the ignorance of many confounding variables

1:02:00 – how the restriction of particular amino acids, ad libitum feeding, and a refined diet confound the caloric restriction research

1:11:58 – how PUFA confounds the caloric restriction research

1:30:09  – how endotoxin and gut health confound the caloric restriction research